Add Devcontainer as an easy dev environment option (#65)

diff --git a/.devcontainer/Dockerfile b/.devcontainer/Dockerfile
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+++ b/.devcontainer/Dockerfile
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+FROM ubuntu:22.10
+
+# TODO: install emscripten (https://emscripten.org/docs/getting_started/downloads.html)
+
+# TODO: Clean this up once buildkit is supported gracefully in devcontainers
+# https://github.com/microsoft/vscode-remote-release/issues/1409
+
+ARG X86_64_TOOLCHAIN_FILENAME="gcc-arm-none-eabi-10.3-2021.07-x86_64-linux.tar.bz2"
+ARG X86_64_TOOLCHAIN="https://developer.arm.com/-/media/Files/downloads/gnu-rm/10.3-2021.07/gcc-arm-none-eabi-10.3-2021.07-x86_64-linux.tar.bz2"
+ARG X86_64_TOOLCHAIN_CHECKSUM="b56ae639d9183c340f065ae114a30202"
+
+ARG AARCH64_TOOLCHAIN_FILENAME="gcc-arm-none-eabi-10.3-2021.07-aarch64-linux.tar.bz2"
+ARG AARCH64_TOOLCHAIN="https://developer.arm.com/-/media/Files/downloads/gnu-rm/10.3-2021.07/gcc-arm-none-eabi-10.3-2021.07-aarch64-linux.tar.bz2"
+ARG AARCH64_TOOLCHAIN_CHECKSUM="c20b0535d01f8d4418341d893c62a782"
+
+WORKDIR /setup
+
+# Install required packages
+RUN apt-get update \
+    && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \
+    # make is used as the build system
+    make \
+    # git is used for fetching submodules & interactive development
+    git \
+    # bzip2 is required to extract the Arm toolchain
+    bzip2 \
+    # ca certs need to be available for fetching git submodules
+    ca-certificates \
+    # python is used to convert binaries to uf2 files
+    python3 python-is-python3
+
+# Download and verify both x86-64 and aarch64 toolchains. This is unfortunate and
+# slows down the build, but it's a clean-ish option until buildkit can be used.
+ADD $X86_64_TOOLCHAIN $X86_64_TOOLCHAIN_FILENAME
+ADD $AARCH64_TOOLCHAIN $AARCH64_TOOLCHAIN_FILENAME
+
+RUN echo "${X86_64_TOOLCHAIN_CHECKSUM} ${X86_64_TOOLCHAIN_FILENAME}" | md5sum --check
+RUN echo "${AARCH64_TOOLCHAIN_CHECKSUM} ${AARCH64_TOOLCHAIN_FILENAME}" | md5sum --check
+
+# Extract toolchain directly into /usr
+RUN /bin/sh -c 'set -ex && \
+    ARCH=`uname -m` && \
+    if [ "$ARCH" = "x86_64" ]; then \
+       tar --strip-components=1 -C /usr -xjf $X86_64_TOOLCHAIN_FILENAME ; \
+    else \
+       tar --strip-components=1 -C /usr -xjf $AARCH64_TOOLCHAIN_FILENAME ; \
+    fi'
+
+RUN rm $X86_64_TOOLCHAIN_FILENAME
+RUN rm $AARCH64_TOOLCHAIN_FILENAME
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diff --git a/.devcontainer/devcontainer.json b/.devcontainer/devcontainer.json
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+++ b/.devcontainer/devcontainer.json
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+// For format details, see https://aka.ms/devcontainer.json. For config options, see the README at:
+// https://github.com/microsoft/vscode-dev-containers/tree/v0.231.6/containers/docker-existing-dockerfile
+{
+    "name": "GNU Arm Embedded Environment",
+    // Sets the run context to one level up instead of the .devcontainer folder.
+    "context": "..",
+    // Set the location of the dockerfile to use
+    "dockerFile": "Dockerfile",
+    // Set *default* container specific settings.json values on container create.
+    "settings": {},
+    // Add the IDs of extensions you want installed when the container is created.
+    "extensions": [
+        "ms-vscode.cpptools"
+    ]
+    // Uncomment to connect as a non-root user if you've added one. See https://aka.ms/vscode-remote/containers/non-root.
+    // "remoteUser": "vscode"
+}
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